Single-cell volumetric imaging is essential for researching individual characteristics of cells. As a nonscanning imaging technique, light field microscopy (LFM) is a critical tool to achieve real-time three-dimensional imaging with the advantage of single-shot. To address the inherent limits including nonuniform resolution and block-wise artifacts, various modified LFM strategies have been developed to provide new insights into the structural and functional information of cells. This review will introduce the principle and development of LFM, discuss the improved approaches based on hardware designs and 3D reconstruction algorithms, and present the applications in single-cell imaging.Single-cell volumetric imaging is essential for researching individual characteristics of cells. As a nonscanning imaging technique, light field microscopy (LFM) is a critical tool to achieve real-time three-dimensional imaging with the advantage of single-shot. To address the inherent limits including nonuniform resolution and block-wise artifacts, various modified LFM strategies have been developed to provide new insights into the structural and functional information of cells. This review will introduce the principle and development of LFM, discuss the improved approaches based on hardware designs and 3D reconstruction algorithms, and present the applications in single-cell imaging.

The deformation and reconstruction of the composite propeller under the static load in the laboratory is studied so as to provide the basic research for the deformation and reconstruction of the underwater deformed propeller. The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor is proposed to be used for strain monitoring and deformation reconstruction of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) propeller, and a reconstruction algorithm of structural curvature deformation of the CFRP propeller based on strain information is presented. The reconstruction algorithm is verified by using variable-thickness CFRP laminates in the finite element software. The results show that the relative error of the reconstruction algorithm is within 8%. Then, an experimental system of strain monitoring and deformation reconstruction for the CFRP propeller based on the FBG sensor network is built. The propeller blade is loaded in the form of the cantilever beam, and the blade deformation is reconstructed by the strain measured by the FBG sensor network. Compared with the blade deformation measured by three coordinate scanners, the reconstruction relative error is within 15%.

采用熔融冷却法制备了Na2OCaOLa2O3B2O3SiO2玻璃，经热处理获得了硅酸盐氧基磷灰石硼硅酸盐玻璃陶瓷，并采用X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）、产品一致性试验(PCT)法等方法探究了CaO取代SiO2对该硼硅酸盐玻璃陶瓷物相、微观结构和化学稳定性的影响规律。结果显示：随着CaO含量增加，硅酸盐氧基磷灰石晶相衍射峰增强，其他晶相的衍射峰减弱直至消失，当CaO摩尔分数为15%时获得只含CaLa4(SiO4)3O晶相的玻璃陶瓷样品；CaO含量会对玻璃陶瓷的晶相种类和晶体形状、大小、分布产生影响，CaO含量变化会造成陶瓷相晶体发生团簇和长大；采用PCT法浸泡28 d后，所有样品关于Si、Ca、La三种元素的归一化浸出率（g·m-2·d-1）均保持在10-3数量级以下，表明其具有优异的化学稳定性，且CaO摩尔分数为15%的玻璃陶瓷样品化学稳定性最优异。研究结果表明，硅酸盐氧基磷灰石硼硅酸盐玻璃陶瓷是固化富La和某些锕系元素高放废物的潜在基材。

Catalysis-based chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is an emerging cancer treatment strategy which uses a Fenton-like reaction to kill tumor cells by catalyzing endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂ T into a toxic hydroxyl radical (·OH). The performance of CDT is greatly dependent on PDT agent. Herein, mitochondria-targeting Pt nanoclusters were synthesized using cytochrome c aptamer (CytcApt) as template. The obtained CytcApt-PtNCs can produce ·OH by H₂O₂ under the acidic conditions. Moreover, CytcApt-PtNCs could kill 4T1 tumor cells in a pH-dependent manner, but had no side effect on normal 293T cells. Therefore, CytcApt-PtNCs possess excellent therapeutic effect and good biosafety, indicating their great potential for CDT.

星载多普勒测风激光雷达是目前能够有效获取全球大气三维风场的主动探测设备,能够弥补气象卫星被动探测的不足,对其需求和进展的综述研究具有重要的意义。首先阐述了天气预报精度提升、数值模式同化和气候变化研究等领域对全球三维风场探测的迫切需求;接着回顾了相干探测、直接探测和混合探测三种体制的星载多普勒测风激光雷达的发展历程,并总结了当前星载测风激光雷达研究所面临的挑战;然后根据我国多普勒测风激光雷达的研究现状,归纳出我国星载测风激光雷达发展所急需解决的七类关键技术;最后指出星载混合体制测风激光雷达结合了相干探测和直接探测的优势,既能降低研制成本,又能提高大气垂直风廓线探测精度,是未来星载测风激光雷达的主要发展方向。

通过利用聚酰亚胺涂覆裸光纤光栅的方法研制了一种增敏型光纤光栅温度传感器, 其反射波长的温度敏感系数由曾敏前的10pm/℃提升至40pm/℃。在-40~200℃测试环境中, 开展了传感器标定和温度精度测量试验。试验结果表明: 利用光纤光栅增敏封装, 在高低温环境中采用低精度光纤光栅解调仪, 传感器的测温精度由±0.4℃提升至±0.1℃。上述结果显示, 采用增敏封装结构能够提升光纤光栅温度传感器的测量精度, 减低制作成本。

单晶锗是典型的红外光学晶体材料, 其加工表面的评价方法大都局限于面形精度, 而加工过程所产生的位错及晶面间距变化也会影响单晶锗的使用性能。为了全面地评价单晶锗加工后的表面性能, 通过表面粗糙度轮廓仪、 X射线衍射仪等设备, 对超精密车削的单晶锗平面及曲面进行了表面粗糙度和 X射线检测, 获得了针对单晶锗平面的表面粗糙度与位错密度相结合的性能评价方法, 及针对单晶锗曲面的表面粗糙度与晶面间距变化程度相结合的性能评价方法。相关研究对单晶锗在红外光学及其它领域的加工应用有重要意义。